After this event the power of the Douglases was soon restricted. A golden salamander is so represented on the garter-plate of James, Earl of Douglas, K.G., the first Scottish noble elected into the Order of the Garter, and who died 1483 A.D. Tinctured vert; and in flames proper it is the crest of Douglas, Earl of Angus. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Learn more. You are not authorized to add this page or any images from this page The chapaeu in the crest represents the fact that owners of a barony were given a chapaeu or "cap of maintenance" as part of their armorial achievement. Douglas Gaelic: Dubhghlas Badge: A salamander amid flames on a chapeau. By this time James Douglas was in open rebellion having pinned a notice renouncing his allegiance to the door of Parliament House but the game was up. He was Archibald, nicknamed the Tyneman or Loser. many distinguished guests from Mary Queen of Scots -to James was also deeply implicated in the assassination of Marys second husband Lord Darnley. V The 16th-century Italian artist Benvenuto Cellini (15001571) famously recalled witnessing just such an appearance as a child in his autobiography. sweetwater creek flood risk management feasibility study draft integrated feasibility report and environmental assessment april 2018 mobile district sweetwater creek flood It can also be suggested that the Douglas' chose the salamander to reflect their own resiliency in tough situations as well as a chapaeu showing their rise to martial and political power through marriage into royalty. Nevertheless, twelve years later James himself struck the first blow in the murder of the eighth earl Douglas. When he eventually stormed the castle of Douglas, James then proceeded to destroy his own property, putting all the buildings to the torch, slaying the garrison and throwing their bodies along with the castles salt supply and the contents of the wine cellar into the well to render the fortress unusable. Maintaining the familys strong ties with the power bases in Scotland the Tyneman had married Margaret, a daughter of Robert III, but fighting in the French cause he was killed at the Battle of Verneuil (1424), when with John, Earl of Buchan as his co-commander the Scots were defeated by an English army under the Duke of Bedford. Posted at 18:52h in how to respond to i'll do anything for you by cotton collection made in peru. Lot: 2128 - Douglas Bailey (American), "Portrait of a Nude," 1971, . [11], The salamander is also mentioned in the Talmud (Hagiga 27a) as a creature that is a product of fire and it relates that anyone who is smeared with its blood will be immune to harm from fire. "ein Salamander oder ein wster Wurm/Mit einem Menschen Kopff/unnd gekrnet mit einer Kron/unnd ein Bapst Hut darinn". Fourteenth century castle held by Douglas earls of Morton. The skin was long thought to be poisonous, though it is in reality perfectly harmless; but the moist surface is so extremely cold to the touch that, from this peculiar quality in the creature, the idea must have arisen, not only that it could withstand any heat to which it was exposed, but it would actually subdue and put out fire. On Today; Awards; Companies; Lists; People; Tagging & Taxonomy; Earn Points iron & wood. [8] While Pliny notes this in Book 10, Chapter 86 of the Natural History, in Book 29, Chapter 23 of the same work he views this idea with skepticism, pointing out that if such an idea were true, it should be easy to demonstrate. or Black Douglas, who was was a Captain under Robert the Bruce in the War of Independence and is held as the third of Scotland's finest patriots after Bruce and William Wallace. N Most relevant matches are shown. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. They also have light-colored stripes that go from head to tail. This connection probably originates from a behavior common to many species of salamander: hibernating in and under rotting logs. Crest: A salamander Vert encircled with flames of fire Proper Douglas Modern Despite being one of Scotland's most powerful families, the origins of the Douglas clan are obscure. viola davis childhood; what time should a 15 year old come home; american battery technology company stock; portable folding loveseat Naturally, this almost regal power caused jealousy and anxiety not only among the noble families but even in the royal councils. Douglas Clan Crest Signet Ring - celtic sides, Use left/right arrows to navigate the slideshow or swipe left/right if using a mobile device, The Douglas Clan Crest which, all members are entitled to wear, is from the crest on the top of the Clan Douglas Chiefs Coat of Arms. Crest), Salamander emblem, with the motto By the early fifteenth century, the Douglases had become powerful enough that they were seen as a threat to national stability. Clare Browne, "Salamander's Wool: The Historical Evidence for Textiles Woven with Asbestos Fibre", "The TOLKIEN GALLERY: Balrogs and other Fire Spirits", "Ein Auslegung der Figuren So Zu Nrnberg Gefunden Sind Worden", "Question: Salamandre et hiroglyphes? On his death in 1443 he was found to have four stones of tallow in his stomach. Size Adult length: 3-4 inches. re-written and presented in a unique format, to which we would then be able to Loch Leven Castle, Loch Leven, Kinross. The larvae usually live in small, trout-free streams, but larger larvae may live in rivers and small lakes. Of all the traits ascribed to salamanders, the ones relating to fire have stood out most prominently. Where To Find Friday, June 10, 2022posted by 6:53 AM . He then joined his captor against the English king Henry and was again taken prisoner this time at Shrewsbury. A William Douglas The Hardy was governor of Berwick when the town was besieged by the English. F Archives. The name is territorial probably referring to lands by Douglas Water received by a Flemish knight from the Abbey at Kelso. By 1179 William de Douglas was in place and we find him signing charters up till 1213. Both he and his son died fighting the English in France. Although the young Earl demanded to know the meaning of this act, the more senior members of the company knew that a death sentence had been passed on the Douglas boys. Nutrisco et extinguo of Francis 1 of France, at Azay-le-Rideau. Lanarkshire, Galloway, Dumfriesshire, Angus. Dirty white striping punctuates the tail feathers, and black bands highlight the tarsal (leg) feathers. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Twelve years after the dreadful dinner at Edinburgh the Douglases once again found themselves spectacularly in the spotlight this time James II taking the initiative himself in dealing a substantial, if unpremediated blow against the Douglases. Clan Douglas continued to be a formidable force in Scotland however, and were at one point so powerful that they proved a threat to the Scottish monarchy. Another great fighter, he was slain in Spain while escorting the heart of his king and friend, Robert the Bruce, to the Holy Land. Crest: A salamander Vert encircled with flames of fire Proper Despite being one of Scotland's most powerful families, the origins of the Douglas clan are obscure. Network to keep researchers abreast of developments in the X The order comprises 10 families, among which are newts and salamanders proper (family Salamandridae) as well as hellbenders, mud puppies, and lungless salamanders. Douglas Clan History: This is a family which became, next to the Royal House of Stewart, the most powerful and influential dynasty in Scotland. O *EDIT* This is from David Arthur Douglas on Facebook. douglas crest salamanderacton stabbing today. James served as Regent during the infancy of James IV, but fell from power and was executed in 1581. In Japanese, their name sanshuo literally translates to "giant pepper fish." [35] Its highly toxic breath was reportedly enough to swell a person until their skin broke; in Auvergne, it supposedly did the same to herds of cattle. Salamander Physical Characteristics Color Brown Yellow Red Black White Green Skin Type Permeable Scales Top Speed 30 mph Lifespan 5-20 years Weight 0.1-65kg (0.2-143lbs) This post may contain affiliate links to our partners like Chewy, Amazon, and others. Archibald was created Lord Douglas of Douglas in 1790, but on the death of the 4th Lord Douglas in 1857, the estates devolved upon Lady Elizabeth Douglas, Countess of Home, whose descendants carry the feudal Barony of Douglas. William fought with Montrose at Kilsyth and at Philiphaugh in 1645 where he escaped the onslaught of the Covenanter cavalry. After a mock trial, the Douglases were beheaded in front of the boy king. Theophrastus in particular refers to it as a lizard ("saura") whose emergence is a sign of rain. A William Douglas The Hardy was governor of Berwick when the town was besieged by the English. "[4][5] All of these traits, even down to the star-like markings, are consistent with the golden Alpine salamander (Salamandra atra aurorae) of Europe that has golden or yellow spots or blotches on its back[6] and some similarly marked subspecies of the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra). Toggle navigation. The following names are considered associated names or septs of Clan Douglas: Agnew Bell Blackadder Blackett Blacklock Blackstock Blackwood Blaylock . Crest: On a chapeau, Gules, furred Ermine, a salamander, Vert, encircled with flames of fire, Proper. He would go on to fight with William Wallace but was captured and died in England in 1302. Black Hills House Rentals; Mike And Stephanie I Love A Mama's Boy; Potato Sack Race Rules; Unicode Line Break Symbol; Bcg Matrix Of Pharmaceutical Company; Bunion Surgery Before And After Uk; Hunt Middle School Staff Directory . Other family lines include the earls of Morton, and the Marquesses of Queensberry (famous for their rules for boxing). Douglas Clan Crest: On a chapeau, a green salamander surrounded by fire. All around the Estate of gratefully accepted, The Salamander in a Ring of Fire (as in the DOUGLAS var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-830605-2"); Archibalds grandson, the sixth earl, married the widow Margaret Tudor and thus made himself guardian of her son, the young James V. James, Earl of Morton and younger brother of the seventh earl, was one of the murderers of Mary Queen of Scots secretary, David Rizzio. Both he and his son were killed in that country at the Battle of Verneuil in August 1424. The following 68 files are in this category, out of 68 total. The titles of Marquess of Douglas and Earl of Angus devolved to the Dukes of Hamilton after the second Marquess Douglas married into that family in 1660. Z On to the scene at this juncture trots arguably the most famous of all the legion of Douglases and one of the most charismatic characters in the crowded pages of Scots history Williams son, Sir James, a cohort of the patriot king, Robert the Bruce. The Red Douglases were founded by George, first earl of Angus, who also married a Stewart princess. According to T. H. White, Prester John had a robe made from it; the "Emperor of India" possessed a suit made from a thousand skins; and Pope Alexander III had a tunic which he valued highly. At the same time he was given the prestigious title of Duke of Touraine. This was described as "gules doubled ermine" for most barons in possession of the caput of the barony. [2], The Ancient Greek physician Nicander (2nd century BCE) describes the use of the salamander, the "sorceress lizard," in a poisonous potion, and Wallace surmises that a similar reference to grinding up a lizard to produce a love potion by Theocritus (3rd century BCE) may also refer to the salamander.[3]. Created first Marquess of Douglas in 1633, he kept Douglas Castle in luxurious style. This was also claimed in an early version of the present article. They were determined to seize the moment and take control of events. Copyright 2019, CDSNA. It was he who led the group of nobles who carried the Bruce's heart on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Duke of Hamilton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, created in April 1643.It is the senior dukedom in that peerage (except for the Dukedom of Rothesay held by the Sovereign's eldest son), and as such its holder is the premier peer of Scotland, as well as being head of both the House of Hamilton and the House of Douglas.The title, the town of Hamilton in Lanarkshire, and many places around . There are 10 or 11 riblike costal grooves. Butters has a crest that speaks volumes about how his day is going. When these logs were brought in to be burnt for warmth or cooking these mythical salamanders would scatter from the fire. Converted prices are advisory, at today's rates. A note on Coats of Arms: Under Scottish heraldic law a coat of arms is awarded to an individual (with the exception of civic or corporate arms) . In 1397, he married Mary Stewart, daughter of Robert III. douglas crest salamander. The next historical reference is to Sir William de Douglas, whose sons fought the Norse at Largs in 1263. families histories, var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Built during 14th century by Archibald 'The Grim', 3rd Earl of Douglas, Lord of Galloway. In the run up to Bannockburn the recovery of Roxburgh Castle in 1313 added greatly to his reputation as a military strategist and imaginative thinker and for centuries this incident was recalled as one of the most romantic incidents of the Wars. It fell into decay in 1699, but is now in the care of Historic Scotland. During the Civil War, he supported Charles I. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Clan Douglas Coat of Arms. Crest Badge: On a chapeau (hat) a salamander, vert (green) in fire Origin of name: Placename-Lanark meaning - black stream (source:Rbt Bain's 'Clans & Tartans of Scotland' The Heart of Douglas C We all know that the Douglas Clan Crest is of a green salamander surrounded by fire sitting on top of a chapeau. William, 8th Earl Douglas, by the young King James II. Good Sir James was the first to carry the cognomen of the Black Douglas, supposedly because of his swarthy complexion, while the other branch gave rise to the line of the Red Douglases, the Earls of Angus, so-called because of their ruddy complexions and/or their red hair. This type of salamander does not usually exceed 12 cm in length. R Although most salamanders have a lizard-like body shape, their skin is moist, similar to the more closely related frogs. The titles of Marquess of Douglas and Earl of Angus devolved to the Dukes of. Thanks that helps a lot. "[31] Later, Paracelsus (14931541) suggested that salamanders were the elementals of fire,[32] which has had substantial influence on the role of salamanders in the occult. The salamander is found throughout French folklore, although in differing form. The fifth Earl of Angus was Archibald Bell the Cat (a nickname based on his courage in a conspiracy to eliminate certain unliked nobles at court) who eventually rose to be Lord Chancellor of Scotland. Thus in 1440, the young sixth Earl and his brother were invited by a rival to dine at Edinburgh Castle with King James II, who was only ten. The Douglas Clan Crest which, all members are entitled to wear, is from the crest on the top of the Clan Douglas Chiefs Coat of Arms. By this stage, however, the seemingly limitless power of the Douglas family in Scotland was causing concern to supporters of their Stewart cousins. S Today a ruin. There is no such thing as a family coat of arms The arms represented below are personal arms (with the above exceptions). Donate. Check out these amazing Celtic bands. Q Whatever item of highland dress you're looking to buy, Kinloch Anderson guarantee a superior finished product. His son, another James, the Second Earl, was the hero of the Battle of Otterburn (1388), the individual whose death in the conflict was kept from his troops as they fought, thereby securing victory over Henry Percy, Hotspur, son of the Earl of Northumberland. When the Earl signed a pact of mutual protection with a group of other influential noblemen including the Earl of Ross and the Earl of Crawford, (only recently in revolt against the king) that was too much for James who sensed rebellion in the air. I'm thinking that anything on my hat that is on fire is not a good thing. His son, The Good Sir James founded the Black Douglases. Check out our t-shirts, polo shirts, hoodies and more great items. Forum may be the answer. The name is territorial probably referring to lands by Douglas Water received by a Flemish knight from the Abbey at Kelso. If you would like to receive a very occasional newsletter - All rights reserved. Cultural depictions of salamanders. douglas crest salamander douglas crest salamander. We make thisScottish collection of Clan Douglas Crest Jewelry and Wall Crest asyourlink to your Scottish Ancestry. [30], Early commentators in Europe often grouped "crawling things" (reptiles or reptilia in Latin) together and thus creatures in this group, which typically included salamanders (Latin salamandrae), dragons (Latin dracones or serpentes), and basilisks (Latin basilisci), were often associated, as in Conrad Lycosthenes' Prodigiorum ac ostentorum chronicon of 1557. The webmaster does not intend to claim for more information see our pages on heraldry here: (https://tartanshop.com/pages/all-about-scottish-heraldry), Coat of armsof theEarls of DouglasArgent a heart Gules imperially crowned Or on a chief Azure three mullets of the first, --------------------------------------------------, Douglas Coat of Arms at Drumlanrig Castle, Coat of Arms of Douglas of Pumpherston. By using this website you automatically accept. [9], Roughly contemporary with Pliny is a bas-relief of a salamander straddling the cross-beam of a balance scale in an anvil-and-forge scene found in the ruins of the Roman town of Pompeii. During the Wars of Independence which saw Scotland secure its freedom from England, Sir James was considered by most contemporary observers to be Bruces most ardent and skilled commander. Motto: Jamais Arriere (Never behind) Origin of Name: Placename, Lanark (Black stream) . The English king, Edward I, had Le Hardi locked up and awarded his castle and lands to one of his own knights. By the Middle Ages the Douglas family had blossomed into two distinctive lines, the Black and the Red Douglases. He was Regent from 1572, but later executed for having had foreknowledge of the murder of Lord Darnley. He also defended Edinburgh castle against Henry IV of England in 1400. James died in a monastic retreat. Two of his children married into the royal family. In no way had the atrocious execution of the boys diminished the power of the family. the Community Effectively it was the end of the road for the Black Douglases. document.write(''); Crest Description:On a chapeau, Gules, furred Ermine, a salamander, Vert, encircled with flames of fire, Proper, A note on Coats of Arms: Under Scottish heraldic law a coat of arms is awarded to an individual (with the exception of civic or corporate arms) . Community Network, -working Scotland and buried in St Bride's Church, Douglas, international bridge wait time. B This bloody incident was only the first in a series of dramatic episodes in which Sir James features as a freedom fighter. When Douglas refused to go back on the pact with Crawford and Co., James flew into a rage, a characteristic of this fiery monarch, and stabbed Douglas. he was unable to keep his promise and the casket John Douglas (1494-1574) was born in Pittenweem and, in 1572, became the first Protestant Archibishop of St Andrews. James, 4th Earl of Morton (c1516 81), was Chancellor to Mary Queen of Scots, but dismissed for his role in the murder of the Queen's secretary, David Rizzio. Adult Pacific giant salamanders live under rocks or logs. Popular choices for the Douglas Tartan include; kilts , tartan trousers , tartan skirts , scarves and rugs. He was killed at the Battle of Teba in Spain in 1330. The Eighth Earl, another William, shared much of the administration of the kingdom with James II but perhaps, quite naturally, the king began to grow jealous of Douglass power. Bonnie Prince Charlie -to Neil Armstrong. If you don't see what you're looking for here, try a different spelling or phrase. Clan Douglas Crest. Two Clan Douglas crests adorn the different sides of this flag: the "Salamander in Flames" with motto "Jamais Arrire" on one side and the "Crowned, Winged Heart of Bruce" with motto "Forward" on the other. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material mechanicsburg accident yesterday; lee chamberlin cause of death; why do geordies call cigarettes tabs; tui management style; duggar couples ranked. containing the King's heart was taken back to Scotland Despite being one of Scotlands most powerful families, the origins of the Douglas clan are obscure. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. The salamander has been immemorially credited with certain fabulous powers. douglas crest salamander 03 Jun. Any contributions will be [29] This tradition is first found in the Hieroglyphica of Horapollo (Book 2, Ch. The second earl married a Stewart princess which brought greater wealth and prestige. Classical, Medieval, and Renaissance lore, Classical lore: Pliny, the Talmud, and Augustine, "sicut salamandrae, animal lacertae figura, stellatum, numquam nisi magnis imbribus proveniens et serenitate desinens". RootsWeb is funded and supported by "); Discover. The beast's ability to withstand fire has led to its name being applied to a variety of heating devices, including space heaters, ovens and cooking and blacksmithing devices, dating back at least to the 17th century.[40][41]. The Douglas were well known as fierce warriors that survived against the odds. [6] The extent of these properties is greatly exaggerated though, with a single salamander being regarded as so toxic that by twining around a tree it could poison the fruit and so kill any who ate them and by falling into a well could slay all who drank from it. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. His son, The Good Sir James founded the Black Douglases. Like the real animal, the legendary salamander breathed seldom; unlike the real salamander, the only way to kill one was said to be to lock it in a confined space so that it breathed its own poison. Alternatively, navigate the store using the menu under our logo. By the early fifteenth century, the Douglases had become powerful enough that they were seen as a threat to national stability. Y The Fourth Douglas Earl of Angus, George (d. 1462) profited by the fall of his kinsfolk and was, in fact, in command of the royal forces at Arkinholm. jesse mexican martial arts; my dog swallowed a chicken bone; notice to terminate real estate contract colorado; velvet hair keratin toronto; houses with two master bedrooms in port saint lucie M Early travelers to China were shown garments supposedly woven from salamander hair or wool; the cloth was completely unharmed by fire. The Douglas-Hamiltons are the heirs to the house of Douglas, but are barred from matriculating as Chiefs because of their hyphenated surname. The Douglas clan motto is Jamais arrire (Never Behind) and the clan crest is a salamander in fire. Join theDouglas Archives Bearing this in mind, the next Earl of Douglas who is encountered is exceptional. Having been held prisoner by the English, William Douglas, Governor of Berwick, was a follower of Sir William Wallace in the ongoing conflict for Scottish independence. Fourteenth century stronghold of Douglas family; later owned by Earl of Bothwell. and buried in Melrose Abbey This jewelry piece is a wearable connection to your Scottish ancestry and can be made to order in sterling silver or gold. [7] Pliny even made the important distinction between salamanders and lizards, which are similar in shape but different in other respects, which was not systematized until modern times, when biologists classified lizards as reptiles and salamanders as amphibians. There are at least 656 salamander species, with 475 near. Many of these qualities are rooted in verifiable traits of the natural creature but often exaggerated. Ray White - Eltham is located in Eltham, VIC. authorship, but gives credit to the originators for their work. Clan DOUGLAS Motto: Jamais Arrire Gaelic Name: Dubhghlas War Cry: A Douglas! Since that time, a red heart has always been D Douglas Archives. The garments had actually been woven from asbestos. P } catch(err) {}, Click here to Seeing as how the salamander was coming through the fire on top of a chapaeu, this can represent the Douglas warriors overcoming the barons they came into conflict with during their many, many battles. [27][37] ADD ANYTHING HERE OR JUST REMOVE IT pros and cons of saturday school Facebook david coulthard daughter Twitter dwayne washington 40 time Pinterest busch stadium 2021 rules linkedin how much did anthony joshua get paid Telegram In 1263, two sons of Sir William de Douglas fought for Alexander III against the Norse at the Battle of Largs. Pliny recounts several other traits which are less credible, such as the ability to extinguish fire with the frigidity of their bodies, a quality which was reported as hearsay by Aristotle. During these times the house of Douglas had expanded in its power and properties. Press the space key then arrow keys to make a selection. Basket totals may not add exactly due to rounding. This mighty thirteenth century Moray stronghold was rebuilt by the Black Douglases. Motto: Jamais Arriere (Never behind) Origin of Name: Placename, Lanark (Black stream) . The Third Earl, Archibald the Grim, is not remembered for his exploits on the battle-field but for his skills as a diplomatist, cleverly contriving the development of the family through strategic marriages which greatly increased the Douglases already vast estates. While I have no direct proof to why the Douglas' chose a salamander, there is quite a bit of mythological and historical reasons than we can make inferences upon. When the Douglases were among the great powerbrokers of Medieval Scotland it was inevitable that their own story would be tinged with tragedy as well as triumph. pageTracker._trackPageview(); Paracelsus. Blackhouse Tower, on the Douglas Burn of the Yarrow Water, Selkirkshire. "[13], After the end of the Classical era, depictions of the salamander became more fantastic and stylized, often retaining little resemblance to the animal described by ancient authors. [9] William Caxton (1481) wrote: "This Salemandre berithe wulle, of which is made cloth and gyrdles that may not brenne in the fyre. Flourishing thereabouts in the late 1200s was another William Douglas nicknamed Le Hardi because of his bold and chivalrous exploits, being the first Scots nobleman to to have risen up in support of William Wallace as he struggled to overthrow English occupation of Scotland. minutes to complete our He was reportedly horrified. The content of this website is a collection of The Red Douglases were founded by George, first earl of Angus, who also married a Stewart princess. Clan Douglas: The chiefship is vacant because the title's claimant retains the compound name of Douglas-Hamilton Origin of name: A placename, Larnark Gaelic Name: Dubhghlas Clan Crest: A Salamander atop a flaming cap. In his last act William asked that his younger brother be executed first to spare him the horror of watching the sword fall. Included arefamilies (known as Septs) with different surnames from the original Clan name. "[9], Holme (1688) wrote: "I have several times put [salamander hair] in the Fire and made it red hot and after taken it out, which being cold, yet remained perfect wool. 22.40 17.92 (Save 20%) . Complete guide including all photos and descriptions, spanning multiple pages. knowledgeable is welcome. Maintaining the three sections of the site has its costs. The remains of The Black Douglas were also returned to Crest: A salamander Vert encircled with flames of fire Proper. r/birdsnamedfood 2 yr. ago u/eliteprephistory. Also known as the mountain stream siredon, their habitat is also in Mexico, except they live in high altitudes above sea level. In the very rare cases this happens we cover the cost of replacing your order. Aberdour Castle, Aberdour, Fife. He was subsequently was appointed Lord Chancellor of Scotland, and his grandson, the 6th Earl of Angus, became Guardian of James V, when he married the King's mother, Queen Margaret, widow of James IV. Threave Castle, Castle Douglas, Dumfriesshire. When wood was brought indoors and put on the fire, the creatures "mysteriously" appeared from the flames. This salamander occurs in western Washington and Oregon, and is at risk. Surname distribution in Scotland: The Douglas surname is most commonly found in Highland (Caithness, Inverness-shire, Nairnshire, Ross and Cromarty, Sutherland and small areas of Argyllshire and Morayshire), the Scottish Borders (Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, Selkirkshire and part of Midlothian) and Dumfries and Galloway (Dumfriesshire, Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire). Bothwell castle is now cared for by Historic Scotland. The salamander was clearly known to the Ancient Greeks by the 4th century BCE, since both Aristotle (384322 BCE) and his successor Theophrastus (c. 371c. The earldom of Morton was created in 1456 for James Douglas, Lord of Dalkeith, sharing a common ancestry with the earls of Douglas.